Leadership Team
Brian D. Scales
Brian Scales became the President and CEO of RCAP Solutions in 2022, after serving as Interim President, Executive Vice President, and Director of Development during his tenure since he joined RCAP Solutions in 2008. He is deeply rooted in the Central MA nonprofit and development community, joining us from the Cleghorn Neighborhood Center in Fitchburg, MA, where he served as Director of Development. Previously, he consulted for seven years with several nonprofits across the region on development activities, including fundraising, grant writing, and strategic collaborations. Brian holds a Certificate in Literature from Cambridge University, a Bachelor of Arts in English from Florida Atlantic University, and a Master of Arts from the University of Central Florida. He has served on the board of the Spanish American Center as Treasurer, on the board of Literacy Volunteers of the Montachusett Area as a director, and on the Network of Area Nonprofits as an Advisory Board Member.
Alyssa Glennon
Alyssa Glennon joined RCAP Solutions in 2009, as an entry level accountant while completing her bachelor’s degree. After 18 months, she was promoted to Manager of Finance and Program Audit and began managing staff. Alyssa has quickly risen through the ranks of a complex department in this multifaceted organization. Alyssa brings a strong level of professionalism, management and organizational skills to the organization, providing strong support to the finance department and a focus on the mission and programs which support our clients. Alyssa holds a MBA from Fitchburg State University and a Bachelors Degree in Business Administration with a concentration in Accounting from Worcester State University.
Maegen McCaffrey
Maegen McCaffrey joined RCAP Solutions in 2011, after 8 successful years as the Executive Director of the Wachusett Chamber of Commerce in Clinton, MA. Prior to this, she served as the Marketing Director for Grubb & Ellis Company and several other non profit organizations. Maegen holds a Bachelors of Arts Degree in Mass Communication from Westfield State College and a Masters of Arts in Integrated Marketing Communication from Emerson College. Maegen was named a 40 Under Forty honoree by the Worcester Business Journal and won an award in Newsletter Writing and Design by the American Chamber of Commerce Executives. Among her numerous volunteer contributions, Maegen is an Executive Member of MassHire North Central Workforce Board, Board Member of the Nashoba Valley Chamber of Commerce, and former Chair of the Mass Association of Chamber of Commerce Executives.
Josh Bedarian
Josh Bedarian began working at RCAP Solutions in 2020 after serving as the District Director for Chairwoman Jennifer Benson in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. Prior to serving as Chief Housing & Compliance Officer for RCAP Solutions, Josh served as the organization’s Grants, Contracts, & Compliance Manager overseeing our internal contract management and reporting process. Prior to serving as an aide in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, Josh interned for Congressman Paul D. Tonko in Albany, New York. Josh’s state and federal government experience provides him with an understanding of RCAP Solutions’ funding sources and the need for strict adherence to program fulfillment. In Josh’s current role, he oversees RCAP Solutions’ extensive housing programs, legislative activity, and acts as a liaison to our partner organizations and funders to ensure open communication and positive outcomes for participants, clients, and the organization.
Josh holds a Bachelor of Science in Public Policy and a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology from the University at Albany, SUNY and a Master of Business Administration in Management from Fitchburg State University.
Jenna Day
Jennifer (Jenna) Day, Director of Development, at RCAP Solutions is located in rural Western Massachusetts and has been with RCAP Solutions since 2018. With over two decades of working in community and economic development, she brings with her a diverse skill set that includes building individual and community capacity and supporting the progress and sustainability of rural communities. Her experience as Town Coordinator in Heath, Massachusetts, as Director of the Housing Consumer Education Center at the Franklin County Regional Housing and Redevelopment Authority, and her tenure on the local Heath Board of Health provides critical technical, financial, and managerial expertise including extensive project management and contract compliance experience. Ms. Day’s expertise also includes operating a non-transient, non-community water system. Before her promotion to Director of Development, she was the Director of Community & Environmental Resources responsible for grants and contract compliance for a team of 30 Technical Assistance Providers serving rural communities in New England, New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. She also served as a Community Specialist for New England. She has a degree in Environmental Education from Goddard College, Plainfield VT.
Kwame Ofori
Kwame Ofori began his career at RCAP Solutions in 2018 as a System Administrator, surveying the IT environment, making equipment upgrades, troubleshooting system problems, and providing technical support for remote and local users. In 2019, he was promoted to an advanced System Administrator role, where he was able to develop a disaster recovery plan resulting in improved processes and ensure minimal data loss as well as provide continuous technological advancements to enhance the efficiency of RCAP’s IT operations and processes. In his current role, Kwame is responsible for the planning, development, and implementation of the organization’s IT strategies and direct the daily operations of the IT Department. He also leads the compliance team to address security and data compliance at the organization, which includes vulnerability assessment, innovation of IT infrastructure and breakdown of IT frameworks to increase staff compliance. Kwame received his MS in Information Technology/Cyber Security from Clark University in Worcester, MA, a BS in Computer Science from Worcester State University, Worcester, MA, and an AS in Computer Systems Engineering Technology from Quinsigamond Community College, Worcester, MA.
Jenn Escobar
Jenn Escobar joined RCAP Solutions in 2022 as Human Resources Generalist and now serves as our Director of Human Resources and a member of the Executive Leadership Team. A SHRM-CP certified HR professional, Jenn has a proven track record of driving organizational success through strategic initiatives. She oversees HR operations for more than 150 employees across multiple regions and partners closely with senior leadership to implement talent acquisition and recruitment strategies, enhance employee engagement, cultivate performance management, and ensure compliance with complex employment regulations. Her expertise spans talent acquisition, performance management, compensation and benefits administration, employee relations, workforce development and overall HR strategy.
Jenn’s extensive HR experience includes key roles at Lupoli Companies and Autajon Packaging USA, where she managed multi-site HR operations, led full-cycle recruitment, and spearheaded continuous improvement projects. Fluent in English and Spanish, Jenn is passionate about fostering supportive workplaces and building strong, resilient organizational cultures. Her leadership style emphasizes collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to supporting both employees and organizational goals.
Shannon Campaniello
As Corporate Counsel, Shannon Campaniello ensures careful adherence to contractual obligations and regulatory standards. With her background as a licensed attorney in Massachusetts specializing in commercial and residential real estate law, Shannon is skilled in overseeing deliverables and deadlines, ensuring comprehensive compliance across all contractual facets. Shannon’s commitment to equitable housing practices is highlighted by her certification in fair housing and reasonable accommodation, and her experience as a real estate discrimination tester. She holds a Bachelor of Arts from Emmanuel College and a Juris Doctor from Suffolk University Law School.
Lovette Chislom
Lovette Chislom began her career at RCAP Solutions in 2009 as an Accounting Clerk, managing the account payables and receivables for the organization. She was promoted to Accounting Specialist, and began supporting the Home Modification Loan Program for the organization. Lovette was named Residential Loan Fund Manager in 2015 and was instrumental in elevating the program to a new level of competence with her enhanced communications, customer service, and organizational skills. In her five years of managing the program, she increased the number of loans by 109% and the dollar amount by 168%, closing 214 loans totaling over $6.6M, bringing a tremendous amount to the position by treating every client with compassion and professionalism. In October of 2020, Lovette was named Director of Housing Counseling and Financial Services. In this role, she will be responsible for overseeing the Housing Consumer Education Center, which serves as the organization’s front door to the public for all housing and emergency assistance programs. This includes economic assistance programs, education and training programs such as first-time home buyer and financial empowerment classes, and counseling support including pre- and post-homebuyer services, and landlord/tenant assistance. Lovette brings over 20 years of experience to the position and is well respected by the Community Economic Development Assistance Corporation (CEDAC), the Home Modification Loan Program funder.
Lindsey Bouche
Lindsey Bouche joined RCAP Solutions in October 2020 as a Housing Counselor after working as a case manager at several community non-profits, including the Housing Assistance Corporation on Cape Cod. She quickly rose through the ranks and was promoted to Housing Consumer Education Center (HCEC) Manager in 2021 and then to Deputy Director of Housing Counseling in 2022 – where she now oversees the organization’s housing counseling program, education and training initiatives, and client/community relations. Lindsey is a certified Health Education Specialist and a HUD-certified Housing Counselor. She is an effective leader and has extensive experience providing financial education as well as housing and homeownership support. A graduate of American International College, she holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Sociology and Psychology.
Sally Nieves
Sally Nieves joined RCAP Solutions in 2014 as a Program Representative and was promoted to Rental Assistance Program Director in 2021. She provides senior leadership and operational oversight for housing stability and rental assistance programs serving Central MA communities. With over 20 years of experience in housing and human services, she brings deep expertise in regulatory compliance, program administration, staff supervision, and equitable service delivery. In her current role, she oversees program operations, eligibility determinations, rental assistance payments, reporting, and audit readiness to ensure full compliance with state requirements. She supervises management and frontline staff, monitors performance and expenditures, and partners with municipalities, landlords, and community organizations to support housing stability and timely fund utilization. Having progressed through multiple leadership roles, she brings comprehensive operational insight and the ability to implement effective, data driven program improvements. Fluent in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, Sally provides bilingual leadership and ensures culturally responsive services for diverse communities. She has completed extensive professional training in grant writing, housing compliance, supervision, executive management, and federal rental assistance systems, including Nan McKay, HCV, MRVP, and EIV/IVT certifications. Through strong governance, fiscal accountability, and a commitment to equity, she plays a critical role in advancing RCAP Solutions’ mission to promote housing stability and strengthen communities.
Susie Rich
Susie Rich joined RCAP Solutions in 2021 as the Deputy Director of Rental Assistance, bringing more than 30 years of experience in rental and financial assistance programs, including over 25 years in subsidized housing administration. She provides senior leadership and operational oversight for a broad portfolio of state and federal housing programs, including HCV, MRVP, FUP, VASH, Mainstream, AOP, Designated, and Project Based Assistance. In her role, Susie supervises fifteen rental assistance and inspection staff, oversees daily program production, and ensures compliance with EOHLC and federal regulatory requirements. She supports staff delivering housing search assistance, landlord tenant mediation, eviction prevention, and relocation services while maintaining program integrity, audit readiness, and timely service delivery. Susie holds an Associate of Applied Business Degree from Cincinnati State Technical Community College and is a graduate of the MetroWest Leadership Academy. She has completed extensive professional training in housing quality standards, administrative planning, inspection protocols, mediation, and executive management, including Nan McKay supervision and executive management training. Known for her strong work ethic, collaborative leadership style, and result-driven approach, Susie remains committed to advancing housing stability and program excellence.
Melissa Reyes-Maisonet
Melissa Reyes-Maisonet joined RCAP Solutions in 2018 as Rental Assistance Triage Associate and was promoted to Deputy Director of Rental Assistance in 2023. She provides operational leadership for HCV and rental assistance programs supporting housing stability initiatives and brings more than seven years of progressive experience in program administration, staff supervision, training, and regulatory compliance. Melissa oversees daily program operations, supports staff performance and accountability, and ensures adherence to federal and state requirements. She has a proven track record of standardizing procedures, strengthening audit readiness, and improving accuracy and timeliness in high‑volume caseload environments. Melissa also oversees HAP contract execution and works closely with participants, landlords, and partners to ensure effective program delivery. She holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Accounting from American University in Manatí, Puerto Rico, and is pursuing an Associate Degree in Human Services at Quinsigamond Community College. She has completed advanced professional training through Nan McKay, including HCV Specialist, Supervision and Management, and Executive Management certifications. Fluent in Spanish and English, Melissa brings a collaborative, customer-centric approach to advancing housing stability and program excellence.
Linda Kirwan
Linda Kirwan began her career at RCAP Solutions in 1997. She has over 20 years of practical property management experience gained through hands on experience at Cottage Street and Hapgood Apartments in Athol. Linda oversees the day-to-day operations of the organizations property management portfolio. She is certified in Low-Income Housing Tax Credits, HOME, is a certified Assisted Housing Manager and as a Fair Housing & Reasonable Accommodation Specialist.
Mark Johnson
Mark Johnson is located in Vermont and has been with RCAP Solutions since 2015. He has over twenty years of experience in the drinking water profession. Prior to becoming Director of Community & Environmental Resources at RCAP Solutions, Mark provided training and technical assistance to small water and wastewater systems as the Vermont State Lead and also served for two years as Deputy Director. Mark has experience working on drinking water and stormwater projects, water treatment, sustainable water system operation, and source water protection. Before joining RCAP Solutions, Mark was responsible for all aspects of Safe Drinking Water Act compliance in his role as a water quality engineer for a large private, publicly listed water utility that owned and operated drinking water systems throughout California. He has also worked for a small municipal system in Maine, eventually becoming their chief treatment plant operator and laboratory director. Professional licenses: certified in Drinking water distribution and treatment as well as cross-control and backflow prevention. Education: B.S. in Civil Engineering from Northeastern University, Boston.
Seth Loht
Seth Loht joined RCAP Solutions in 2015 and works on a variety of specialized mapping projects and provides overall Community & Environmental Resources team support for the field staff. He served as the GIS Specialist and then GIS Manager before his promotion to Deputy Director of Community & Environmental Resources. Prior to this he worked as a GIS (Geographic Information System) mapping and data management specialist for 13 years including working for the U.S. Navy computerized mission support and modeling for U.S. Navy submarine forces. Seth also worked as a GIS and GPS Specialist for engineering firms that provide infrastructure mapping services to communities of all sizes. Education: B.S. in Geography, Penn State University; M.S. in GIS, Arizona State University.
Sarah Buck
Sarah Buck re-joined RCAP Solutions as the New Project Director in August of 2024 after more than 5 years at the RCAP national office as their Chief Programs Officer. She previously spent just over two years at RCAP Solutions, as the Deputy Director of Community Resources, from 2017-2019, where she helped to oversee all regional water, wastewater, and solid waste programming. Sarah also spent four years at another of RCAP’s regional partner organizations, RCAC, based in California, where as a Rural Development Specialist II she developed and managed the flagship Agua4All program and was an active member of the Community Leadership, Median Household Income Survey, and Regionalization teams. Sarah has been involved in the water resources management and community development industry since 2011 and has been part of the RCAP network since 2013. Sarah lives in a cabin on Long Lake in Bridgton in rural western Maine.
Sarah has extensive experience in fund development, grants and contracts management, strategic program development and implementation, capacity building, professional facilitation, community outreach, communications, and adult education and training. She has been involved in the administration of federal and state funding programs and numerous smaller public and private grant programs for more than a decade.
Sarah graduated magna cum laude with a BA in International Studies from Middlebury College in Vermont with a concentration in Spanish/Hispanic Literature and Culture and a double minor in Russian and Political Science. She is a certified facilitator and environmental educator in both Project WET and Project Learning Tree. Sarah holds certificates of completion for participation in the following courses: Common Ground Mediation and Conflict Resolution, The Grantsmanship Center’s grant writing boot camp, The Croatan Institute’s series on Crowdfunding, Compass Point’s Instructional Design, OTTER participant based training techniques, Six Pillars of a Rural Development Specialist, and Facilitative Leadership for Social Change as well as ongoing water and wastewater technical, managerial and financial professional development. She also has her SWANA certification in Integrated Solid Waste Management.
Board of Directors
Tracey Weeden, LCSW/LICSW
Chair – Massachusetts
Susan Bachman
Vice Chair – Massachusetts
Laura McGee
Immediate Past Chair – Massachusetts
Kenneth D. Reid, CAE
Treasurer – Washington, D.C./Maryland
Laxmi Bissoondial
Director – Massachusetts
Carl H. Allen Jr.
Director – New Hampshire
Jeffrey Fox, CPCU, ARM
Director – New Hampshire
Joann Marsili
Director – Massachusetts & Pennsylvania
Henry Noel, Jr.
Director – MassachusettsTracey Weeden, LCSW/LICSW
Tracey Weeden is the Executive Director of Brockton Behavioral Health Facility at Boston Medical Center. She has extensive experience in the healthcare and nonprofit arena, with a background in social services, mental health, and case management. In her previous position at First Step of Sarasota, she focused on affordable substance abuse treatment. She has experience in managing a private practice as a psychotherapist, and is a former employee of RCAP Solutions, where she was a member of the leadership team, as Director of Counseling and Homeless Services. She is a self-published author and has volunteered for the City of Worcester’s Human Rights Commission and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health’s suicide prevention initiative. Tracey earned a MS in social work at Boston University, and is working towards her Doctorate degree in Business Administration with a focus in Health Services Administration at Northcentral University. She brings a deep understanding of the programmatic, funding, and strategic needs of the organization, along with nonprofit management, fundraising and community outreach.
Susan Bachman
Susan Bachman is the Solutions Marketing Manager for Netrix Global located in Chicago, IL. A marketing professional with over 15 years of experience, she is a team player with excellent interpersonal and communication skills. She is detail oriented, and a deadline focused multi-tasker, versed in fast-paced creative environments. Susan brings a broad range of professional communications skills to her role as board member including implementing marketing strategies, market research, project management, website and content management, writing and editing, content management, graphic design, creative concepts, event management, public relations, product demo voice-overs, vendor management, and digital communications. Susan received her MA in Visual Communications at San Francisco State University, CA, and a BA in Graphic Design at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA. She received a certificate in Bank Marketing from the American Bankers Association, participated in the North Central MA Chamber of Commerce Community Leadership Institute, and the Emerging Leadership LAUNCH program with Fidelity Bank and Nichols College. Her lengthy volunteer experience includes work with the Boston Women’s Leaders Organization, board membership with New England Financial Marketing Association (NEFMA), Marketing Strategic Planning committee with the Greater Gardner Chamber of Commerce, Women’s Leadership Connection Board with the North Central MA Chamber of Commerce, Community Care Crew Chair and Heart Club Co-Chair at Fidelity Bank, and the United Way.
Laura McGee
Laura McGee is a Real Estate Broker at Afonso Real Estate in Milford, MA. She is an active member of the Realtor Association of Central MA (RACM) with the Community Action Committee and has been instrumental in raising many thousands of dollars for RCAP Solutions families through her generous volunteer efforts. Prior to becoming a realtor, Laura was an Account Executive for WSRS/WTAG Radio and the Underwriting Accounts Manager for WICN Jazz Radio. She received her bachelor’s degree in Telecommunications from Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff, Arizona. She has held several roles in the field of broadcasting and communications since 1986. She has served as President of the Tucson Chapter of Women in Radio and Television Board of Directors; held a position on the Uxbridge School Committee and as Vice President of the UHS Booster Club. She has a strong commitment to underprivileged individuals and is passionate about RCAP’s mission and supporting the organization with her unique expertise in both housing and communications.
Kenneth D. Reid, CAE
Kenneth D. Reid, CAE, served as CEO of the American Water Resources Association, a scientific, educational association involved in research, planning and management from 1981-2019. He was a member of the American Society of Association Executives’ Board and was named to the first class of Future Leaders. He is a recipient of the American Society of Association Executives’ Key Award. Additional volunteer experience includes the Greater Washington Society of Association Executives Foundation Board, Past Chair of the Northeast Board of Regents of the Institute for Organizational Management, and Board of Trustees. He was the first elected US Association Member of the Board of Governors of the World Water Council, and Past President of the George Mason University Alumni Association Board of Trustees. He currently serves on several local boards within his community. Kenneth earned a MS in Environmental Studies from Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, and a BS in Biology from George Mason University. He brings extensive knowledge of the water industry, along with organizational leadership, management, governance, community building, funding sources, strategic planning, branding, and executive succession experience.
Laxmi Bissoondial
Laxmi Bissoondial serves as the Director of the Office of Multicultural Affairs at Worcester State University in Worcester, Massachusetts.
Bio coming soon.
Carl H. Allen Jr.
With almost 50 years of experience, Carl H. Allen Jr. has dedicated his career to housing and rural community service. After nine years of working in the collegiate residential life sector, Carl began his 26-year career at RCAP Solutions as Director of Rental Assistance. In this role, he managed the affordable housing assistance program for 3 years, more than doubling the program from 1200 units to 2600 units. As Associate Executive Director, Carl increased his oversight responsibility to also include property management, housing counseling, and the environmental technical assistance programs. He then moved into the role of Assistant Executive Director, taking on additional responsibilities including reorganization, management, and human resources. Carl retired from the organization as Executive Vice President, responsible for all mission related activity and contract deliverables, expanding and improving services, strategic planning, monitoring financial performance, coordinating state and federal public policy efforts, ensuring compliance with organizational standards and policies, and serving on the executive leadership team. Carl currently works as Management Specialist for Keene Housing in Keene, NH. He is a former board member of the Rural Community Assistance Partnership, past executive committee member of the Massachusetts Rural Development Council, past president of the Regional Housing Network of Massachusetts, and a past board member of the Housing Information Center. He is currently active as a board member and treasurer for Homeowner Options for Massachusetts Elders, in Lowell, MA; and is the past club president and active member of the Keene Kiwanis Club board of directors, and community services and membership committees. He is an active member of the United Church of Christ in Keene, NH, as a member of the church council, ministry coordinator, and several other committees including the executive committee of two capital campaigns that have raised over 2.3 million dollars between them. He also plays hand bells and sings in the choir. Carl holds a B.A. in History from Bloomfield College, a M.Ed. in College Student Personnel Administration from Pennsylvania State University and has completed doctoral course work in educational administration at Michigan State University.
Jeffrey Fox, CPCU, ARM
Prior to his retirement in October 2023, Jeff Fox’s insurance career spanned over 41 years. He started his career in underwriting at Sentry Insurance in Stevens Point, Wisconsin. He joined Wausau Insurance eight years later where he and an associate created Wausau’s Custom Accounts Division. At Wausau Insurance Jeff’s role evolved from underwriting management to program development and implementation for the division, which was focused on developing customized insurance and risk management programs for industry groups, associations, and franchise groups, including a program specifically for Human & Social Service Organizations. In 2000, Jeff moved to Hampton, New Hampshire to become the Chief Underwriting Officer for Willis Programs. In 2004, he joined Banknorth Insurance Agency, the predecessor agency to TD Insurance, and in 2007 became the National Human & Social Services Practice Leader. In 2009, Jeff teamed with North American Family Institute to create “The Captive Advantage Program”, a Group Captive designed specifically for Human and Social Service Organizations. Since its inception in 2009, the program has grown and currently includes 13 organizations. Jeff joined USI Insurance Services when TD Insurance joined the agency in the fall of 2012 and continued in his role as National Human & Social Service Practice Leader until his retirement. Over the years Jeff has been actively involved in a variety of capacities with numerous non-profit organizations. His most recent Board experience was with The Richie McFarland Children’s Center (RMCC) located in Stratham, New Hampshire. During his 12 years with RMCC, Jeff served as Treasurer, Board President and a member of the Executive Committee. RMCC helps young children reach their full developmental potential and supports their families through that process. Jeff graduated Cum Laude in 1981 from the University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point, earning a Bachelor of Science degree with a double major in Economics and Business Administration along with a minor in Finance. He has also earned the prestigious Insurance Designations of Chartered Property and Casualty Underwriter (CPCU) and Associate in Risk Management (ARM). He currently serves on the Board of Work, Community, Independence, Inc. (WCI).
Joann Marsili
Joann Marsili is the EVP, Chief Growth & Client Experience Officer for Fidelity Bank located in Leominster, Massachusetts.
Bio coming soon.
Henry Noel, Jr.
Henry Noël, Jr. is an Investment Director with Boston Impact Initiative LLC. in Boston, MA, a nonprofit investing fund working to build a future where entrepreneurs of color and their communities have the financial, social, and political power to create a sustainable, inclusive, and equitable economy for generations to come. He has over 20 years of investment experience with an expertise in analysis, valuation, management, and sales. He has volunteered as a mentor with Entrepreneurship for All, a nonprofit that partners with communities nationwide to help under-represented individuals start and grow their businesses through training, mentorship, and an extensive support network. Henry earned an MBA from the Hofstra University, Zarb School of Business in Hempstead, NY, and a BA in Business Administration from Atlantic Union College in South Lancaster, MA. He also completed the Oxford University Impact Investing Programme at Said Business School in Oxford UK. Henry is a passionate champion of social and environmental impact and brings a robust background in business and fund development, investment, financial expertise, strong team management and communication skills.
Community & Environmental Resources Team
Our Community & Environmental Resources division supports small communities with technical assistance to address drinking water, wastewater, solid waste, and other economic development needs.
These services, offered in all six New England states, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, help communities to innovate and thrive. For assistance in your state, please visit Our Services by State page and select your state or territory to view regional contact information.